Նկարագրություն: Economic activity and economic behavior of the society of every state are determined by the economic system of the state, which is the result of historically formed socio-economic and political relations. However, the economic behavior of society is shaped not only by economic, but also by psychological factors, since the economic behavior of a single individual is influenced by the ethno-psychological characteristics of the ethnos (nation) he or she represents.

Նկարագրություն: According to many theories the economic activity of the members of society is regarded as a dominant activity, whereas the psychological characteristics of each member of society are regarded as a consequence of the subjective reflection of economic relations, i.e. members of society are engaged in economic activity and are considered more objects in economic relations. The article discusses the significance of considering the role of psychological characteristics of each individual in the economic activity of society. The article also emphasizes the fact that economic relations between the members of society are not only the object, but also the subject of economic activity, which is extremely important for productive economic management.

Նկարագրություն: The characteristic feature of every person, social group, society, ethnicity, nation as an economic agent, is its economic behavior. It can be cognitive or impulsive, manageable orunmanageable. Any form of manifestation of economic behavior is conditioned by psychological factors. The article emphasizes the fact that in any state, the development of the economy and its effective management depends on individual and ethno-psychological characteristics of its economic subjects as well, and since they predetermine the economicbehavior of economic subjects of society, they can become either concomitant or hindering factors for the process of economic management.

Նկարագրություն: In modern socio-economic studies, methods of mathematical modeling are widely used. Mathematical modeling makes it possible not only to formalize and describe socio-economic phenomena, but also to anticipate the direction of the development of these phenomena, to develop effective mechanisms for managing them. The article considers the need to take psychological and ethno-psychological factors into consideration in the mathematical modeling of the economic behavior of society.

Նկարագրություն: In economic theories, considerable importance is attached to the research connected with the manifestations of the behavior and modelling of different social entities (individuals, reference groups, ethnic groups) as economic entities. Attempts are made to construct effective economic behavioral models by applying mathematical methods. In this context, solutions to problems in which individual and ethnopsychological peculiarities of economic entities act as factors have become relevant in psychology. It is assumed that economic activity which takes into account psychological peculiarities of different social layers of society can contribute to the formation of balanced inter-communal economic relations, which, in its turn, can prevent the process of economic stratification, containing antagonistic elements, and keep the society away from political shocks.

Նկարագրություն: The characteristic feature of every person as a social subject is their economic behavior. Economic behavior is a type of social behavior of the subject reflecting their participation in economic life through various forms of economic activity and due to the needs, interests, and material prosperity of the latter. It can be cognitive, impulsive, controlled, or uncontrollable. In most economic theories, when modeling the economic behavior of an individual, economic factors are considered as parameters of the characteristic functions of the model, while underplaying the role of psychological factors. In the manifestations of economic behavior, the dominant psychological factors are the biopsychological characteristics of the person. These factors, as genetic prerequisites, reflect the person’s attitude to the world and phenomena, their potentials, abilities, skills, predetermination, and orientation to an activity. The economic behavior of the individual is also determined by the characteristics of the society (ethnic group, nation) of which he or she is a representative. Factors influencing the economic behavior of an individual may be the ethnic characteristics (national traditions, customs, moral values, ethnic stereotypes, etc.). Therefore, when constructing a mathematical model of the economic behavior of an individual, among the parameters of the
characteristic functions of the model, it is also necessary to consider factors of an ethnopsychological nature. For a more visual representation of the problem of modeling the economic behavior of an individual due to psychological factors, we consider the simplest mathematical model of a risk perspective built in a commodity-money space and discuss the possible manifestations of the economic behavior of an individual as a consumer in accordance with this model.

Նկարագրություն: Issues related to economic behavior have long gone beyond the scope of economic research and have become the subject of interdisciplinary research. There are many experimental studies in this area and in the field of psychology, confirming the influence of psychological factors on economic behavior. With the help of mathematical methods, various socio psychological models of economic behavior are built that are conditioned by the psychophysiological characteristics of the individual and social factors. The indicators of the effectiveness of these models are identified on the basis of which the mechanisms of economic management are developed. According to research in experimental psychology, when choosing under conditions of risk, economic subjects are guided not only by cognitive, but also by affective motives, which can lead to ineffective manifestations of economic behavior. Within the institutional and evolutionary economic trends, an opinion has been formed that the behavior of an economic entity is not always accompanied by the search for effective solutions aimed at maximizing income, since acting under the influence of habits, emotions, restrictions of legal institutions, it is often impossible to make an absolutely effective decision. In this context, studies are carried out, the aim of which is to identify psychological patterns manifested in the economic behavior of a person and based on his personal and ethno-psychological characteristics

Նկարագրություն: The purpose of this article is to present the interdisciplinary approaches that exist in the modeling process based on the psychological regularities of a person’s economic behavior. This article discusses the economic behavior of a person and issues of its effectiveness from both economic and psychological points of view. Based on the economic perception of the concept of efficiency, the hypothesis of its relativity from a psychological point of view is put forward. Relativity is conditioned by the fact that a person displays occasional behavior guided by incidental motives arising from situations which cannot be considered effective from an economic point of view. In this context, the task was to substantiate the point of view according to which the economic behavior of a person should be considered a dynamic system governed by a combination of economic, psychological and socio-political factors, the modeling process of which should be based not only on deductive, but also on inductive approaches. The results of the research allow us to conclude that the principle of conative efficiency should be based on the economic behavior of a person, and the psychological factors influencing economic behavior should be regarded as situational variables. General scientific methods (analysis, comparision, synthesis, generalization) were used in the theoretical part of the research. The experimental part of the research will be carried out using special methods (scientific experiment, mathematical modeling, testing, survey, etc.). The results of the study allow us to conclude that the principle of conative (activity) efficiency should be based on the economic behavior of an individual, and psychological factors affecting economic behavior should be considered by situational variables.

Նկարագրություն: The article represents the main peculiarities of the process of PCQ (Psychological Capital Questionnaire) adaptation. A pilot study is performed to test the reliability and validity of Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) on the Armenian population. Psychological Capital (PsyCap) is a personal resource, which is linked with positive individual and organizational outcomes (performance, well-being, attitudes, etc). The study tested the validity between PsyCap and other constructs, such as Big Five personality traits, self-regulation (V. Morosanova), success motivation (T. Ehlers) and system of values (Schwartz). The components of PCQ were examined using correlation analysis on a sample Armenian employee. The results show that the Armenian version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool and as a practical implication, PCQ is reliable to be used in the Armenian organizational context.

Նկարագրություն: В статье рассматривается проблема экономического поведения личности, и нализируются результаты опроса, направленного на выявление закономерностей, обусловленных психологическими факторами в процессе выбора. Для реализации поставленной цели был разработан специальный вопросник, в котором представлены различные ситуации потребительского выбора. В опросе участоввало 122 репондентов, средний возраст которых составил 32,6. Это позволило оценить особенности принятия решений при некоторой неопределенности. Вопросы, связанные с экономическим поведением личности, которые всегда были и остаются в центре внимания экономической теории, преобрели характер междисциплинарных исследований. Особенно актуальны исследования закономерностей экономического поведения, которое во многом обусловленно психологическими факторами. Ученые, все чаще используя математические методы, строят более реалистичные модели экономического поведения личности. В исследованиях этого направлении ставится цель выяснить, как психологические характеристики и социально-психологические факторы влияют на экономическое поведение личности.

Նկարագրություն: The characteristic feature of each person,social group, society, ethnicity, nation - as an economic subject - is its economic behavior. It can be cognitive or impulsive, guided or unguided. Any form of economic behavior manifestation is conditioned by psychological
factors. The article emphasizes the fact that in any state, the development of the economy and
its effective management depend on individual and ethno-psychological characteristics of its
economic subjects as well, and since they predetermine the economic behavior of economic subjects of society, they can become either concomitant or hindering factors for the process of economic management.

Նկարագրություն: The article emphasises the importance of the development of
economic psychology in the Republic of Armenia as a branch of social
psychology and interdisciplinary science. In this context it’s necessary to
conduct such experiments of socio-psychological nature, the results of
which can be used in the development processes and effective
management of the economy in the country.